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Secure cryptographic protocols are indispensable for modern communication systems. It is realized through an encryption process in cryptography. In quantum cryptography, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a widely popular quantum communication scheme that enables two parties to establish a shared secret key that can be used to encrypt and decrypt messages.

The Costas condition on a permutation matrix, expressed as row indices as elements of a vector c, can be expressed as A*c=b, where b is a vector of integers in which no element is zero.  A particular formulation of the matrix A allows a singular value decomposition in which the eigenvalues are squared integers and the eigenvalues may be scaled to vectors with all integer elements.  This is a database of the Costas constraint matrices A, the scaled eigenvectors, and the squared eigenvalues for orders 3 through 100.

The paper introduces an analytical approach to predict the no-load flux density spatial repartition of inner permanent magnet tubular-linear synchronous machines (IPM T-LSMs). It considers a trapezoidal waveform whose maximum value is predicted using a simple magnetic equivalent circuit of an elementary part of the machine. Then, the accuracy of the proposed approach is enhanced by the incorporation of a mover permeance function that accounts for the PM luxconcentrating arrangement.

This work focuses on using the full potential of PV inverters in order to improve the efficiency of low voltage networks. More specifically, the  independent per-phase control capability of PV three-phase four-wire inverters, which are able to inject different active and reactive powers in each phase, in order to reduce the system phase unbalance is considered.  This new operational procedure is analyzed by raising an optimization problem which uses a very accurate modelling of European low voltage networks.