regenerative braking
The transition towards environmentally friendly transportation solutions has prompted a focused exploration of energy saving technologies within railway transit systems. Energy Storage Systems (ESS) in railway transit for Regenerative Braking Energy (RBE) recovery has gained prominence in the pursuit of sustainable transportation solutions. In order to achieve the dual-objective optimization of energy saving and investment, this paper proposes collaborative operation of Onboard Energy Storage Systems (OESS) and Stationary Energy Storage Systems (SESS).
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High-voltage batteries in battery electric vehicles face significant load fluctuations due to driving behavior. This dynamic performance of the powertrain is contrasted by the almost constant load of the auxiliary consumers. The highest auxiliary consumption is generated by the heating and air conditioning system, which decreases the vehicles range significantly. 72 real driving trips with a BMW i3 (60 Ah) were recorded, serving for model validation of a full vehicle model consisting of the powertrain and the heating circuit.
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