On the basis of autonomous mobile tea picking robot, aiming at the shortcomings of traditional tea bud identification methods such as slow speed, low accuracy and poor adaptability, as well as people's demand for high-quality tea, the research and experiment of tea bud quality classification recognition based on YOLOv5 were carried out. Through the construction of the autonomous mobile tea picking robot visual recognition system, the data set was constructed, which mainly included tea image acquisition, enhancement and annotation.