This data is the reanalysis of sea surface temperature provided by Extended Reconstruction Sea Surface Temperature version 5 (ERSST v.5) from January 1854 to December 2022, Hadley Centre Global Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature (HadISST) from January 1870 to December 2022, and COBE-SST2 Sea Surface Temperature and Ice (COBE-SST2) from January 1854 to December 2022. All data is re-gridded to have the same spatial resolution of 2.0° × 2.0°, and the grid spans from 88°N to 88°S and 0°E to 358°E via bilinear interpolation from the initial grid. This dataset is in NetCDF4 format.