Networked microgrids; conversion losses; surrogate models

Accurate conversion loss models are the keys to guaranteeing the more efficient operation of networked hybrid AC/DC microgrids (N-AC/DC-MGs). A two-stage stochastic unit commitment (UC) problem is proposed to improve the operational efficiency of N-AC/DC-MGs under uncertain renewable energy generation output and loads. The nonlinear power losses of AC/DC converters and DC/DC converters under different operating modes are formulated as novel multivariate nonlinear functions of both power and voltage.