Lithium battery

In the experiments, data is collected through tests on a LIB, specifically the Panasonic NCR186500BD, which has a capacity of 3200 mAh, a voltage of 3.6 V and is used as an energy storage unit by Tesla electric vehicles. To simulate different discharge modes of an EV battery, the Dynamic Stress Test (DST), Beijing Dynamic Stress Test (BJDST), and Federal Urban Driving Schedule (FUDS) are used as test subjects. The tests are conducted at temperatures ranging from 10 °C to 45 °C in the Energy Optimization and Power Security (EOPS) Laboratory at Hunan University, China.