Distributed algorithms/control

With the advent of 6G Open-RAN architecture, multiple operational services can be simultaneously executed in RAN, leveraging the near-Real-Time Radio Intelligent Controller (near-RT-RIC) and real-time (RT) nodes. The architecture provides an ideal platform for Federated Learning (FL): The xAPP is hosted in the near-RT-RIC to perform global aggregation, whereas the Open Radio Unit (ORU) allocates power to users to participate in FL in a RT manner. This paper identifies power and latency optimization as critical factors for enhancing FL in a stochastic environment.

Distribution grids are experiencing a massive penetration of fluctuating distributed energy resources (DERs). As a result, the real-time efficient and secure operation of distribution grids becomes a paramount problem. While installing smart sensors and enhancing communication infrastructure improves grid observability, it is computationally impossible for the distribution system operator (DSO) to optimize setpoints of millions of DER units.