<p>Smart grid cybersecurity is a critical research challenge due to society's dependence on reliable electricity. Existing research primarily addresses cybersecurity by focusing on the optimal placement of phasor measurement units (PMUs) to ensure topological observability and minimize system costs, followed by developing AI-based attack detection algorithms. However, these studies fail to simultaneously consider system cost, loss in system observability, and false data injection attack (FDIA) detection performance.
